Difference between revisions of "Malate-anaplerotic pathway control state"
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== M(P) == | == M(P) == | ||
OXPHOS state (''P'') with malate as the only substrate is evaluated in the following SUIT | OXPHOS state (''P'') with malate as the only substrate is evaluated in the following SUIT protocol: | ||
:::*[[SUIT-027]] | :::*[[SUIT-027]] | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): [[SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): [[SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065]] |
Revision as of 09:11, 30 April 2020
- high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution
Malate-anaplerotic pathway control state
Description
M: Malate alone does not support respiration of mt-preparations if oxaloacetate cannot be metabolized further in the absence of a source of acetyl-CoA. Transport of oxaloacetate across the inner mt-membrane is restricted particularly in liver. Mitochondrial citrate and 2-oxoglutarate (Ξ±-ketoglutarate) are depleted by antiport with malate. Succinate is lost from the mitochondria through the dicarboxylate carrier. OXPHOS capacity with malate alone is only 1.3% of that with Pyruvate&Malate in isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria. Many mammalian and non-mammalian mitochondria have a mt-isoform of NADP+- or NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (mtME), the latter being particularly active in proliferating cells. Then the anaplerotic pathway control state with malate alone (aN) supports high respiratory activities comparable to the NADH-linked pathway control states (N) with pyruvate&malate or glutamate&malate substrate combinations (PM pathway control state, GM pathway control state).
Abbreviation: M
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways - Chapter 3.1
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2016-01-24, edited 2016-11-30.
M(L)
M(P)
OXPHOS state (P) with malate as the only substrate is evaluated in the following SUIT protocol:
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- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065
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OXPHOS state (P) with malate as the only substrate is evaluated in the following SUIT protocols, however, a low amount of malate is used, in order to have no malate anaplerosis:
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- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria, tissue homogenate and cells already permeabilized when they are added to the chamber (mt): SUIT-002 O2 mt D005
- DL-Protocol for permeabilized muscle fibers (pfi): SUIT-002 O2 pfi D006
- DL-Protocol for living cells, that will be permeabilized in the chamber (ce-pce): SUIT-002 O2 ce-pce D007
- DL-Protocol for living PBMC and platelets, that will be permeabilized in the chamber (ce-pce): SUIT-002 O2 ce-pce D007a
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- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): SUIT-025 O2 mt D057
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