O2k-Publications: Topics

[[Has title::Koizumi T, Watanabe M, Yokota T, Tsuda M, Handa H, Koya J, Nishino K, Tatsuta D, Natsui H, Kadosaka T, Koya T, Nakao M, Hagiwara H, Kamada R, Temma T, Tanaka S, Anzai T (2023) Empagliflozin suppresses mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mitigates the inducibility of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats. Front Cardiovasc Med 10:1005408.]]

» Has info::https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36815024/

Was written by::Koizumi Takuya, Was written by::Watanabe Masaya, Was written by::Yokota Takashi, Was written by::Tsuda Masumi, Was written by::Handa Haruka, Was written by::Koya Jiro, Was written by::Nishino Kotaro, Was written by::Tatsuta Daishiro, Was written by::Natsui Hiroyuki, Was written by::Kadosaka Takahide, Was written by::Koya Taro, Was written by::Nakao Motoki, Was written by::Hagiwara Hikaru, Was written by::Kamada Rui, Was written by::Temma Taro, Was written by::Tanaka Shinya, Was written by::Anzai Toshihisa (Was published in year::2023) Was published in journal::Front Cardiovasc Med

Abstract: [[has abstract::Introduction: Recent studies have demonstrated that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), in which oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the pathogenesis of AF. We aimed to further investigate this, and examine whether the SGLT2-i empagliflozin suppresses mitochondrial-ROS generation and mitigates fibrosis.

Methods: A high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin treatment were used to induce type-2 DM (T2DM) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, DM, and DM treated with empagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. The mitochondrial respiratory capacity and ROS generation in the atrial myocardium were measured using a high-resolution respirometer. Oxidative stress markers and protein expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics as well as the mitochondrial morphology were examined in the atrial tissue. Additionally, mitochondrial function was examined in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) inducibility, interatrial conduction time (IACT), and fibrosis were also measured.

Results: Inducibility of ATA, fibrosis, and IACT were increased in rats with DM when compared to controls, all of which were restored by empagliflozin treatment. In addition, the rats with DM had increased mitochondrial-ROS with an impaired complex I-linked oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Importantly, empagliflozin seemed to ameliorate these impairments in mitochondrial function. Furthermore, empagliflozin reversed the decrease in phosphorylated AMPK expression and altered protein levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, and increased mitochondrial content. Empagliflozin also improved mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells cultured with high glucose medium.

Discussion: These data suggest that empagliflozin has a cardioprotective effect, at least in part, by reducing mitochondrial ROS generation through AMPK signaling pathways in the atrium of diabetic rats. This suggests that empagliflozin might suppress the development of AF in T2DM.]] • Keywords: has publicationkeywords::SGLT2 inhibitor; diabetes; empagliflozin; mitochondria; reactive oxygen species

• O2k-Network Lab: Was published by MiPNetLab::JP Sapporo Yokota T

Labels: MiParea: MiP area::Respiration  Pathology: Diseases::Cardiovascular, Diseases::Diabetes 

Organism: Organism::Rat  Tissue;cell: tissue and cell::Heart  Preparation: Preparation::Permeabilized tissue  Enzyme: Enzyme::Complex I, Enzyme::Complex II;succinate dehydrogenase, Enzyme::Complex IV;cytochrome c oxidase  Regulation: Topic::ADP, Topic::Inhibitor, Topic::Redox state, Topic::Substrate  Coupling state: Coupling states::LEAK, Coupling states::OXPHOS 

HRR: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k, Instrument and method::O2k-Fluorometer 

additional label::JP, additional label::2023-02 

                

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O2k-Publications: Topics

Mitochondria and Cell Research - the Oroboros Ecosystem

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[[O2k-Publications|» O2k-Publications - chronological: {{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k |format=count

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Mitochondrial physiology: MiP areas

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	mt-Medicine ({{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kMiP area::mt-Medicine |format=count}} entries)			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::mt-Medicine |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::mt-Medicine |format=count}}
2	Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style |format=count}}
3	Comparative MiP;environmental MiP			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Comparative MiP;environmental MiP |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Comparative MiP;environmental MiP |format=count}}
4	Pharmacology;toxicology			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Pharmacology;toxicology |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Pharmacology;toxicology |format=count}}
5	mt-Biogenesis;mt-density			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::mt-Biogenesis;mt-density |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::mt-Biogenesis;mt-density |format=count}}
6	Genetic knockout;overexpression			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Genetic knockout;overexpression |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Genetic knockout;overexpression |format=count}}
7	Instruments;methods			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Instruments;methods |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Instruments;methods |format=count}}

Pathological states

Alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Aging;senescence			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Aging;senescence |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Aging;senescence |format=count}}
2	Alzheimer's			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Alzheimer's |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Alzheimer's |format=count}}
3	Autism			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Autism |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Autism |format=count}}
4	Cancer			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Cancer |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Cancer |format=count}}
5	Cardiovascular			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Cardiovascular |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Cardiovascular |format=count}}
6	COPD			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::COPD |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::COPD |format=count}}
7	Diabetes			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Diabetes |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Diabetes |format=count}}
8	Inherited			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Inherited |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Inherited |format=count}}
9	Infectious			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Infectious |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Infectious |format=count}}
10	Myopathy			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Myopathy |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Myopathy |format=count}}
11	Neurodegenerative			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Neurodegenerative |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Neurodegenerative |format=count}}
12	Obesity			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Obesity |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Obesity |format=count}}
13	Parkinson's			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Parkinson's |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Parkinson's |format=count}}
14	Sepsis			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Sepsis |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Sepsis |format=count}}
15	Other			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Diseases::Other |format=count}}	{{#ask: Diseases::Other |format=count}}

Stress conditions

Alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Cell death		White, brown, beige fat tissue	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Cell death |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Cell death |format=count}}
2	Cryopreservation			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Cryopreservation |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Cryopreservation |format=count}}
3	Hypoxia			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Hypoxia |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Hypoxia |format=count}}
4	Ischemia-reperfusion			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Ischemia-reperfusion |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Ischemia-reperfusion |format=count}}
5	Oxidative stress;RONS			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Oxidative stress;RONS |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Oxidative stress;RONS |format=count}}
6	Permeability transition			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Permeability transition |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Permeability transition |format=count}}
7	Temperature: hypothermia; hyperthermia			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Injury and adaptation::Temperature |format=count}}	{{#ask: Injury and adaptation::Temperature |format=count}}

Organisms

Mammals

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Human			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Human |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Human |format=count}}
2	Pig			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Pig |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Pig |format=count}}
3	Horse			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Horse |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Horse |format=count}}
4	Bovines			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Bovines |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Bovines |format=count}}
5	Cat			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Cat |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Cat |format=count}}
6	Dog			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Dog |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Dog |format=count}}
7	Rabbit			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Rabbit |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Rabbit |format=count}}
8	Mouse			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Mouse |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Mouse |format=count}}
9	Rat			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Rat |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Rat |format=count}}
10	Guinea pig			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Guinea pig |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Guinea pig |format=count}}
11	Other mammals		including only mammals that are not listed as mammalian species above	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Other mammals |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Other mammals |format=count}}

Model organisms

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Chicken		(» Birds)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Chicken |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Chicken |format=count}}
2	Zebrafish		(» Fishes)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Zebrafish |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Zebrafish |format=count}}
3	Drosophila		(» Hexapods)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Drosophila |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Drosophila |format=count}}
4	Caenorhabditis elegans		(» Nematodes)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Caenorhabditis elegans |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Caenorhabditis elegans |format=count}}
5	Artemia		(» Crustaceans)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Artemia |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Artemia |format=count}}
6	Saccharomyces cerevisiae		(» Fungi)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Saccharomyces cerevisiae |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Saccharomyces cerevisiae |format=count}}
7	Comparative MiP			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k MiP area::Comparative MiP;environmental MiP |format=count}}	{{#ask: MiP area::Comparative MiP;environmental MiP |format=count}}

Non-mammals

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Birds		(» Chicken)	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Birds |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Birds |format=count}}
2	Reptiles		turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, alligators	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Reptiles |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Reptiles |format=count}}
3	Amphibians		frogs, toads, salamanders	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Amphibians |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Amphibians |format=count}}
4	Fishes		bony fishes, carilaginous fishes (sharks, rays, skates) and jawless fishes (hagfish, lampreys); » Zebrafish	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Fishes |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Fishes |format=count}}
5	Hexapods		insects, springtails; » Drosophila	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Hexapods |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Hexapods |format=count}}
6	Crustaceans		crabs, shrimp, barnacles, etc.; » Artemia	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Crustaceans |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Crustaceans |format=count}}
7	Annelids		polychaetes, e.g. lugworm Arenicola marina, oligochaetes, leeches	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Annelids |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Annelids |format=count}}
8	Molluscs		gastropods, cephalopods, bivalves	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Molluscs |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Molluscs |format=count}}
9	Nematodes		» Caenorhabditis elegans	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Nematodes |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Nematodes |format=count}}
10	Other invertebrates		urocordates (e.g. ascidians, sea squirts); cephalochordates (amphioxus, lancelets); echinoderms; chelicerates (e.g. spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs); myriapods (millipedes, centipedes); gastrotrichs; rotifers; ctenophores; nemerteans; tardigrades; platyhelminthes; cnidaria; porifera; ...	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Other invertebrates |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Other invertebrates |format=count}}
11	Fungi		yeast, molds, mushrooms, etc.; » Saccharomyces cerevisiae	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Fungi |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Fungi |format=count}}
12	Plants			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Plants |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Plants |format=count}}
13	Protists		amoebas, ciliates, trypanosomes, dinoflagellates, diatoms, green algae, etc.	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Protists |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Protists |format=count}}
14	Eubacteria		true bacteria, cyanobacteria, spirochetes	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Eubacteria |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Eubacteria |format=count}}
15	Archaea		archaebacteria	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Mammal and model::Archea |format=count}}	{{#ask: Mammal and model::Archea |format=count}}

Tissues and cells

Tissues - alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Fat		White, brown, beige fat tissue	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Fat |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Fat |format=count}}
2	Genital			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Genital |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Genital |format=count}}
3	Heart			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Heart |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Heart |format=count}}
4	Kidney			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Kidney |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Kidney |format=count}}
5	Liver			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Liver |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Liver |format=count}}
6	Lung;Gill			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Lung;gill |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Lung;gill |format=count}}
7	Nervous system			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Nervous system |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Nervous system |format=count}}
8	Skeletal muscle			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}

Cell types - alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Blood cells			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Blood cells |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Blood cells |format=count}}
2	Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Endothelial;epithelial;mesothelial cell |format=count}}
3	Fibroblast			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Fibroblast |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Fibroblast |format=count}}
4	Islet cell;pancreas;thymus			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Islet cell;pancreas;thymus |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Islet cell;pancreas;thymus |format=count}}
5	Leukemia			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Additional label::Leukemia |format=count}}	{{#ask: Additional label::Leukemia |format=count}}
6	Lymphocyte			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Lymphocyte |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Lymphocyte |format=count}}
7	Platelets			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Platelet |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Platelet |format=count}}
8	Stem cells			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Stem cells |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Stem cells |format=count}}

Cell lines - alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	CHO			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::CHO |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::CHO |format=count}}
2	HEK			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::HEK |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::HEK |format=count}}
3	HeLa			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::HeLa |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::HeLa |format=count}}
4	Neuroblastoma			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Neuroblastoma |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Neuroblastoma |format=count}}
5	HUVEC			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::HUVEC |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::HUVEC |format=count}}
6	Macrophage-derived cell lines			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Macrophage-derived |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Macrophage-derived |format=count}}
7	Other cells and cell lines			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Tissue and cell::Other cell lines |format=count}}	{{#ask: Tissue and cell::Other cell lines |format=count}}

Preparations

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Living organism			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Intact organism |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Intact organism |format=count}}
2	Intact organ			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Intact organ |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Intact organ |format=count}}
3	Living cells			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Intact cells |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Intact cells |format=count}}
4	Permeabilized cells			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Permeabilized cells |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Permeabilized cells |format=count}}
5	Permeabilized tissue			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Permeabilized tissue |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Permeabilized tissue |format=count}}
6	Homogenate			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Homogenate |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Homogenate |format=count}}
7	Isolated mitochondria			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Isolated mitochondria |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Isolated mitochondria |format=count}}
8	SMP		Submitochondrial particles	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::SMP |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::SMP |format=count}}
9	Chloroplasts			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Chloroplasts |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Chloroplasts |format=count}}
10	Enzyme			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Enzyme |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Enzyme |format=count}}
11	Oxidase and biochemical oxidation			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Preparation::Oxidase;biochemical oxidation |format=count}}	{{#ask: Preparation::Oxidase;biochemical oxidation |format=count}}

Enzymes

Alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Adenine nucleotide translocase		ANT	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Adenine nucleotide translocase |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Adenine nucleotide translocase |format=count}}
2	Complex I		CI	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Complex I |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Complex I |format=count}}
3	Complex II;succinate dehydrogenase		CII	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Complex II;succinate dehydrogenase |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Complex II;succinate dehydrogenase |format=count}}
4	Complex III		CIII	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Complex III |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Complex III |format=count}}
5	Complex IV;cytochrome c oxidase		CIV	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Complex IV;cytochrome c oxidase |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Complex IV;cytochrome c oxidase |format=count}}
6	Complex V;ATP synthase		CV	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Complex V;ATP synthase |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Complex V;ATP synthase |format=count}}
7	mt-Inner membrane transporter			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Inner mt-membrane transporter |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Inner mt-membrane transporter |format=count}}
8	Marker enzyme			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Marker enzyme |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Marker enzyme |format=count}}
9	Supercomplex			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Supercomplex |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Supercomplex |format=count}}
10	TCA cycle and matrix dehydrogenases		Tricarboxylic acid cycle	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::TCA cycle and matrix dehydrogenases |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::TCA cycle and matrix dehydrogenases |format=count}}
11	Uncoupling protein			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Enzyme::Uncoupling protein |format=count}}	{{#ask: Enzyme::Uncoupling protein |format=count}}

Regulation

Alphabetical order

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	ADP		ADP kinetics	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::ADP |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::ADP |format=count}}
2	ATP production			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::ATP production |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::ATP production |format=count}}
3	Aerobic glycolysis			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Aerobic glycolysis |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Aerobic glycolysis |format=count}}
4	Amino acid			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Amino acid |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Amino acid |format=count}}
5	Calcium			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Calcium |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Calcium |format=count}}
6	Coupling efficiency;uncoupling			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Coupling efficiency;uncoupling |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Coupling efficiency;uncoupling |format=count}}
7	Cyt c		Cytochrome c	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Cyt c |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Cyt c |format=count}}
8	Fatty acid		FA substrate kinetics	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Fatty acid |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Fatty acid |format=count}}
9	Flux control			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Flux control |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Flux control |format=count}}
10	Inhibitor		Inhibitor kinetics	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Inhibitor |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Inhibitor |format=count}}
11	Ion;substrate transport			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Ion;substrate transport |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Ion;substrate transport |format=count}}
12	mt-Membrane potential	Mitochondrial membrane potential	Bioblast links: Force and membrane potential - >>>>>>> - Click on [Expand] or [Collapse] - >>>>>>> Fundamental relationships » Force » Affinity » Flux » Advancement » Advancement per volume » Stoichiometric number mt-Membrane potential and protonmotive force » Protonmotive force » Mitochondrial membrane potential » Chemical potential » Faraday constant » Format » Uncoupler O2k-Potentiometry » O2k-Catalogue: O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module » O2k-Manual: MiPNet15.03 O2k-MultiSensor-ISE » TPP - O2k-Procedures: Tetraphenylphosphonium » Specifications: MiPNet15.08 TPP electrode » Poster » Unspecific binding of TPP+ » TPP+ inhibitory effect O2k-Fluorometry » O2k-Catalogue: O2k-FluoRespirometer » O2k-Manual: MiPNet22.11 O2k-FluoRespirometer manual » Safranin - O2k-Procedures: MiPNet20.13 Safranin mt-membranepotential / Safranin » TMRM - O2k-Procedures: TMRM O2k-Publications » O2k-Publications: mt-Membrane potential » O2k-Publications: Coupling efficiency;uncoupling	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::mt-Membrane potential |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::mt-Membrane potential |format=count}}
13	Oxygen kinetics			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Oxygen kinetics |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Oxygen kinetics |format=count}}
14	Q-junction effect			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Q-junction effect |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Q-junction effect |format=count}}
15	Redox state			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Redox state |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Redox state |format=count}}
16	Substrate		Fuel substrate kinetics	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Substrate |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Substrate |format=count}}
17	Temperature		Temperature dependence	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Temperature |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Temperature |format=count}}
18	Threshold;excess capacity			{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Threshold;excess capacity |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Threshold;excess capacity |format=count}}
19	Uncoupler		Uncoupler kinetics	{{#ask: Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Topic::Uncoupler |format=count}}	{{#ask: Topic::Uncoupler |format=count}}

Coupling-control

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia: Coupling-control states	Comment	O2k	Total
1	P	OXPHOS capacity	Oxidative phosphorylation capacity, saturating [ADP]	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kCoupling states::OXPHOS |format=count}}	{{#ask:Coupling states::OXPHOS |format=count}}
2	R	ROUTINE respiration	Physiological state, living cells	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kCoupling states::ROUTINE |format=count}}	{{#ask:Coupling states::ROUTINE |format=count}}
3	E	ET capacity	Maximal noncoupled respiration	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kCoupling states::ET |format=count}}	{{#ask:Coupling states::ET |format=count}}
4	L	LEAK respiration	Resting state, non-phosphorylating respiration	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kCoupling states::LEAK |format=count}}	{{#ask:Coupling states::LEAK |format=count}}

Pathway control

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia: Electron-transfer-pathway states	Comment	O2k	Total
1	F	F-pathway control state	Fatty acid oxidation, level 5	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::F |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::F |format=count}}
2	N	N-pathway control state	NADH-linked, level 4	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::N |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::N |format=count}}
3	S	S-pathway control state	Succinate-linked, level 3	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::S |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::S |format=count}}
4	Gp	Gp-pathway control state	Glycerophosphate-linked, level 3	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::Gp |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::Gp |format=count}}
5	DQ		Duorquinol-linked, level 2	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::DQ |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::DQ |format=count}}
6	CIV	Complex IV single step	Ascorbate & TMPD, level 1	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::CIV |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::CIV |format=count}}
7	NS	NS-pathway control state	Convergent CI- and CII-linked electron flow to the Q-junction	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::NS |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::NS |format=count}}
8	Other			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::Other combinations |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::Other combinations |format=count}}
9	ROX	Residual oxygen consumption	includes non-mitochondrial respiration	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kPathways::ROX |format=count}}	{{#ask:Pathways::ROX |format=count}}

MiPMap combinations - examples

Examples for specific combinations

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	O2k-Publications: Human skeletal muscle			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kTissue and cell type::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}	{{#ask:Tissue and cell type::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}
2	O2k-Publications: Human heart			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kTissue and cell type::Heart |format=count}}	{{#ask:Tissue and cell type::Heart |format=count}}
3	O2k-Publications: Skeletal muscle - human vs mouse			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kMammal and model::Human Mammal and model::Mouse Tissue and cell::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}	{{#ask:Mammal and model::Human Mammal and model::Mouse Tissue and cell::Skeletal muscle |format=count}}

Browse data

• Browse O2k-Publications

O2k-Manuals and protocols and specific instrumental applications

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Oxygraph-2k			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::Oxygraph-2k |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k |format=count}}
2	TIP2k			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::TIP2k |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::TIP2k |format=count}}
3	O2k-Fluorometry			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::O2k-Fluorometer |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::O2k-Fluorometer |format=count}}
4	O2k-pH ISE-Module	pH	Bioblast links: pH and protons - >>>>>>> - Click on [Expand] or [Collapse] - >>>>>>> pH and protons » pH » hydrogen ion H+ » hydron H+ » hydronium ion H3O+ » hydride H- » proton p+ » pH buffering capacity » proton flux » proton pump versus hydrogen ion pump » proton leak » proton slip » protonmotive force O2k-pH » O2k-Catalogue: O2k-pH ISE-Module » O2k-Manual pH electrode: MiPNet23.15 O2k-pH ISE-Module » O2k-SOP: MiPNet08.16 pH calibration » File:PH-Calibration-List.xls » NextGen-O2k, ratiometric: Carboxy SNARF 1 » NextGen-O2k, ratiometric: HPTS » pH calibration buffers O2k-Publications » O2k-Publications: O2k-pH ISE-Module HRFR - general » O2k-Manual: MiPNet22.11 O2k-FluoRespirometer manual » O2k signals and output » O2k-SOP: MiPNet14.06 Instrumental O2 background » MiPNet19.18A O2k-Series G: Start » ESD » O2k configuration » O2k control » O2k-FluoRespirometer » O2k-Main Unit#O2k-Series » Titration-Injection microPump » Compare: O2k-TPP+_ISE-Module DatLab » DatLab 7 » MiPNet26.06 DatLab 7: Guide » DatLab 6 » MiPNet19.18C DatLab 6: Guide » MiPNet19.18D O2k-Series G and DatLab 6: Calibration » Reference layouts for DatLab graphs	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::pH |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::pH |format=count}}
5	Nitric Oxide			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2k Instrument and method::NO |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::NO |format=count}}
6	TPP+ O2k-ISE Module	Tetraphenylphosphonium	Bioblast links: Force and membrane potential - >>>>>>> - Click on [Expand] or [Collapse] - >>>>>>> Fundamental relationships » Force » Affinity » Flux » Advancement » Advancement per volume » Stoichiometric number mt-Membrane potential and protonmotive force » Protonmotive force » Mitochondrial membrane potential » Chemical potential » Faraday constant » Format » Uncoupler O2k-Potentiometry » O2k-Catalogue: O2k-TPP+ ISE-Module » O2k-Manual: MiPNet15.03 O2k-MultiSensor-ISE » TPP - O2k-Procedures: Tetraphenylphosphonium » Specifications: MiPNet15.08 TPP electrode » Poster » Unspecific binding of TPP+ » TPP+ inhibitory effect O2k-Fluorometry » O2k-Catalogue: O2k-FluoRespirometer » O2k-Manual: MiPNet22.11 O2k-FluoRespirometer manual » Safranin - O2k-Procedures: MiPNet20.13 Safranin mt-membranepotential / Safranin » TMRM - O2k-Procedures: TMRM O2k-Publications » O2k-Publications: mt-Membrane potential » O2k-Publications: Coupling efficiency;uncoupling	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::TPP |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::TPP |format=count}}
7	Ca2+ O2k-ISE Module			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::Ca |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Ca |format=count}}
8	O2k-Spectrophotometer			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::O2k-Spectrophotometer |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::O2k-Spectrophotometer |format=count}}
9	O2k-Manual			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kAdditional label::O2k-Core |format=count}}	{{#ask:Additional label::O2k-Core |format=count}}
8	O2k-Protocol			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::O2k-Protocol |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::O2k-Protocol |format=count}}
9	Theoretical background			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::Theory |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Theory |format=count}}
10	Instruments;methods			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kMiP area::Instruments;methods |format=count}}	{{#ask:MiP area::Instruments;methods |format=count}}
11	O2k-Fluorometry - Fluorophores			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kInstrument and method::O2k-Fluorometer Additional label::Amplex Red OR Additional label::Amplex UltraRed OR Additional label::Safranin OR Additional label::Magnesium Green |format=count}}	{{#ask:Instrument and method::O2k-Fluorometer Additional label::Amplex Red OR Additional label::Amplex UltraRed OR Additional label::Safranin OR Additional label::Magnesium Green |format=count}}
12	PBI Shredder		Homogenate preparation	{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kAdditional label::PBI-Shredder |format=count}}	{{#ask:Additional label::PBI-Shredder |format=count}}

• O2k-Procedures

#	O2k-Publications	MitoPedia:	Comment	O2k	Total
1	Twin-Flow respirometry			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kAdditional label:: Twin-Flow |format=count}}	{{#ask:Additional label:: Twin-Flow |format=count}}
2	Separate DatLab applications			{{#ask:Instrument and method::Oxygraph-2kAdditional label::DatLab |format=count}}	{{#ask:Additional label::DatLab |format=count}}