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Boardman 2018 MiPschool Tromso D3

From Bioblast
MiPsociety
High fat-load induces cardioprotection in hearts from obese mice.

Link: MitoEAGLE

Boardman NT, Pedersen TM, Hafstad AD, Rossvoll L, Aasum E (2018)

Event: MiPschool Tromso-Bergen 2018

COST Action MitoEAGLE

An ischemic insult is associated with increased circulating fatty acids (FA) due to an adrenergic activation of adipose tissue lipolysis. Therefore, hearts will not only be challenged by hypoxia, but also by an acute FA-load, which has been shown to induce adverse cardiac effects such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, oxygen wasting and inefficiency. Although obesity is a contributing factor to the development of type 2 diabetes and heart failure it remains unclear if and how obesity-associated chronic hyperlipidemia affects the cardiac response to an acute FA-load. Thus, we have examined the effect of high FA on hearts from a murine model of obesity.

Diet-induced obesity (DIO) was obtained by feeding 5-wk old male C57BL/6J mice obesogenic diet for 20 wks. Age-matched chow-fed mice were included as controls (CON). Ex vivo left ventricular (LV) function (working heart perfusions, n=8-11) and ischemic susceptibility (LV post-ischemic functional recovery and infarct size, Langendorff perfusions, n=12-15) were examined in hearts exposed to normal (0.35 mM) or high (1.8 mM) palmitate levels. We also assessed myocardial O2 consumption (MVO2), FA oxidation and mechanical efficiency (n=12-15), as well as myocardial ROS content (DHE tissue staining) and mitochondrial respiration (high-resolution respirometry, n=6-8).

DIO mice demonstrated elevated plasma FA levels (0.37±0.03 vs 0.58±0.04 mM, p<0.01) and insulin resistance (4.4 fold higher HOMA-IR). They also developed diastolic dysfunction with only a mild systolic dysfunction. High FA perfusion did not alter LV function in neither CON nor DIO hearts. However, elevated FA decreased mechanical efficiency (due to increased MVO2, 28±2 vs 37±2 μmol/min/g, p<0.01), induced oxidative stress and reduced mitochondrial OXPHOS rate and coupling (RCR) in CON hearts. These FA-mediated changes were not found in DIO hearts. Furthermore, in contrast to CON hearts (where ischemic tolerance was not altered by the FA-load), DIO hearts exposed to high FA levels showed increased functional recovery (53±5 vs 36±5 % Rate-Pressure-Product, p<0.01) and decreased infarct size (47±2 vs 62±5%, p<0.02). This cardioprotective effect was corroborated in hearts from obese, type 2 diabetic (db/db) mice (54±6 vs 36±5 % recovery of RPP, p<0.05, and 55±5 vs72±2 % infarction, p<0.01, respectively).

This study shows that hearts from obese/diabetic mice are resistant to the adverse effects an acute FA-load. Although dyslipidemia plays a role in the development of obesity/diabetes-mediated heart failure, we suggest that these hearts undergo adaptive changes where elevated FA levels exert cardioprotection.


Bioblast editor: Beno M, Plangger M O2k-Network Lab: NO Tromsoe Larsen TS


Labels: MiParea: Respiration, Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style  Pathology: Diabetes, Obesity 

Organism: Mouse  Tissue;cell: Heart 


Regulation: Fatty acid 


HRR: Oxygraph-2k  Event: D3, Oral 


Affiliations

Cardiovascular Research Group, Dept Medical Biology, Fac Health Sciences, UiT-Arctic Univ Norway, Norway