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Leuner 2012 Antioxid Redox Signal

From Bioblast
Publications in the MiPMap
Leuner K, Schuett T, Kurz C, Eckert SH, Schiller C, Occhipinti A, Mai S, Jendrach M, Eckert GP, Kruse SE, Palmiter RD, Brandt U, Droese S, Wittig I, Willem M, Haass C, Reichert AS, Mueller WE (2012) Mitochondrion-derived reactive oxygen species lead to enhanced amyloid beta formation. Antioxid Redox Signal 16:1421-33.

» PMID: 22229260

Leuner K, Schuett T, Kurz C, Eckert SH, Schiller C, Occhipinti A, Mai S, Jendrach M, Eckert GP, Kruse SE, Palmiter RD, Brandt U, Droese S, Wittig I, Willem M, Haass C, Reichert AS, Mueller WE (2012) Antioxid Redox Signal

Abstract: AIMS Intracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers and extracellular Aβ plaques are key players in the progression of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Still, the molecular signals triggering Aβ production are largely unclear. We asked whether mitochondrion-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are sufficient to increase Aβ generation and thereby initiate a vicious cycle further impairing mitochondrial function.

RESULTS Complex I and III dysfunction was induced in a cell model using the respiratory inhibitors rotenone and antimycin, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and enhanced ROS levels. Both treatments lead to elevated levels of Aβ. Presence of an antioxidant rescued mitochondrial function and reduced formation of Aβ, demonstrating that the observed effects depended on ROS. Conversely, cells overproducing Aβ showed impairment of mitochondrial function such as comprised mitochondrial respiration, strongly altered morphology, and reduced intracellular mobility of mitochondria. Again, the capability of these cells to generate Aβ was partly reduced by an antioxidant, indicating that Aβ formation was also ROS dependent. Moreover, mice with a genetic defect in complex I, or AD mice treated with a complex I inhibitor, showed enhanced Aβ levels in vivo.

INNOVATION We show for the first time that mitochondrion-derived ROS are sufficient to trigger Aβ production in vitro and in vivo.

CONCLUSION Several lines of evidence show that mitochondrion-derived ROS result in enhanced amyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein processing, and that Aβ itself leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ROS levels. We propose that starting from mitochondrial dysfunction a vicious cycle is triggered that contributes to the pathogenesis of sporadic AD. Keywords: Sporadic Alzheimer's disease, Amyloid beta (Aβ), AD mice

O2k-Network Lab: NL Nijmegen Brandt U, DE Frankfurt Droese S, DE Frankfurt Mueller WE, DE Frankfurt Eckert GP, DE Giessen Eckert GP


Labels: MiParea: Genetic knockout;overexpression  Pathology: Alzheimer's, Neurodegenerative  Stress:Oxidative stress;RONS  Organism: Mouse  Tissue;cell: Nervous system 

Enzyme: Complex I, Complex III